1️⃣ 손익분기점

A, B, C = map(int, input().split())

try:
  result = int( A / (C-B) )
  if result < 0:
    result = -1
  else:
    result += 1
except:
  result = -1

print(result)

2️⃣ 벌집

import math

N = int(input())
n = ( -3 + math.sqrt(12*N - 3) ) / 6
n = math.ceil(n)

print(n + 1)

https://m.blog.naver.com/PostView.naver?isHttpsRedirect=true&blogId=ao9364&logNo=221651296608

https://ooyoung.tistory.com/99

3️⃣ 분수찾기

import math

X = int(input())
n = (-3 + math.sqrt(8*X + 1)) / 2
n = math.ceil(n) + 1   # 1을 더해주지 않으면 첫번째가 0부터 시작하므로.. 편의상 1을 더해준다.

lineEndNumber = int( n*(n+1) / 2 )

if n % 2 == 0:
  x = n; y = 1
  for i in range(lineEndNumber - X):
    x -= 1
    y += 1
else:
  x = 1; y = n
  for i in range(lineEndNumber - X):
    x += 1
    y -= 1

print('%d/%d' % (x, y))

4️⃣ 달팽이는 올라가고 싶다

import math

A, B, V = map(int, input().split())
day = (V - B) / (A - B)
day = math.ceil(day)

print(day)